Luxating patella in dogs
A luxating patella is a kneecap that slips out of its groove. It's especially common in small and toy breeds and is graded from 1 to 4.
Last updated: October 2026 · 3 sources · see sources
Signs to watch for
- Skipping or hopping for a few steps
- Holding a back leg up, then using it normally
- Bowlegged stance in severe cases
Trouble breathing, collapse, repeated vomiting, not peeing, or a seizure that lasts more than a few minutes needs a vet right away. See when to see a vet.
How vets diagnose it
Your vet can usually feel the kneecap slip during an exam and grades how easily it moves. X-rays show the bones and any arthritis. [2][3]
How it's treated
Low grades are often monitored with weight control and exercise. Higher grades or painful knees are corrected with surgery that deepens the groove and realigns the kneecap. [2][3]
Medicines your vet may mention: Carprofen (Rimadyl). We don't list doses; your vet will decide what fits your pet.
What it costs to diagnose and manage
| Item | Typical US price | Src |
|---|---|---|
| Diagnosis (exam and tests) | $150–$400 | [1] |
| Treatment, per knee | $1,500–$3,000 | [1] |
These are typical US ranges from the sources listed. Your pet's costs depend on how severe things are, the tests your vet recommends, your pet's size and where you live. Ask your vet for a written estimate.
Outlook
Most dogs do very well after surgery. Untreated, higher grades can lead to arthritis or cruciate tears. [2][3]
Common questions
What is luxating patella in dogs?
A luxating patella is a kneecap that slips out of its groove. It's especially common in small and toy breeds and is graded from 1 to 4.
What are the signs of luxating patella?
Common signs include: skipping or hopping for a few steps, holding a back leg up, then using it normally, bowlegged stance in severe cases.
How do vets diagnose luxating patella?
Your vet can usually feel the kneecap slip during an exam and grades how easily it moves. X-rays show the bones and any arthritis.
How is luxating patella treated?
Low grades are often monitored with weight control and exercise. Higher grades or painful knees are corrected with surgery that deepens the groove and realigns the kneecap.
How much does luxating patella cost to treat?
Diagnosis (exam and tests): $150–$400; Treatment, per knee: $1,500–$3,000. Costs vary with severity, tests, your pet's size and where you live.
Related
This page is general information for pet owners, not veterinary advice. Talk to your vet about your own pet.